A Look at Juvenile Deliquency Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

A Look at Juvenile Deliquency - Research Paper Example Adolescent wrongdoing, its causes, best procedures and intercessions intended to stop adolescent misconduct and other such issues will be talked about in this paper. Around late 1800’s, the adolescent equity framework was shaped to change the arrangements about the young violations. That time was vital since the law needs to ensure the adolescent rights just as give a specific arrangement of equity. When the a large portion of the world transformed socially, the adolescent equity framework was likewise changed (Brown, 1998). Prior to the dynamic period, there was no law that isolated a youngster from a grown-up. A kid with a time of more than seven and a grown-up were detained in an equivalent cell. By and by, as the general public advanced, the social and political perspectives towards the adolescent and youngster guilty parties changed. The commitment of clinicians and their explores during 1800 and 1900 helped the general public to change their view with respect to adolesce nt delinquents. A few reformers who disdained rebuffing the youngsters attempted to restore the kids. New York place of shelter was work with the end goal of recovery in 1824. In 1899, the arrangements about the young detainment additionally transformed and a few states began youth restoration programs. Youth and grown-up guilty parties are not viewed as the equivalent and various laws were there for youth wrongdoers (Eadie and Morley, 2003). In 1960’s, a different adolescent court listens all the issues identified with the people which have a period of over eighteen years (Mulvey, Arthur and Reppucci, 1997). During a similar period, the Supreme Court worried upon the legitimate privileges of youth and worried upon the option to get charges notice, to get lawful counsel, to get duplicate of the reports, records and preliminaries, to legitimately engage survey the choice of the lower court and to contend (Brown, 1998). The adolescent equity framework underscored on not to rebu ff a kid and youngsters yet to address the circumstance. To keep kids and youthful wrongdoers from being engaged with any wrongdoing, a demonstration was passed in 1968. From 1968 to 1974, United States moved towards a progressively current society that had a framework to forestall adolescent wrongdoing. The demonstration to forestall the adolescent guilty parties had a â€Å"National establishment to adolescent equity and wrongdoing prevention† and â€Å"Runaway Youth Program† (Ryan and Lane, 1997). During 1980’s and 1990’s, there was an expansion in the adolescent wrongdoing. The adolescent equity framework was changed and for some merciless wrongdoings, adolescents were treated as grown-ups. From that point forward, there is an unmistakable lessening in the adolescent wrongdoing. In late 1990’s, the quantity of vicious adolescent violations expanded yet adolescent wrongdoings is leveled out today (Regoli and Hewitt, 2006). The approaches and law s are as yet concerned. Adolescent wrongdoing impact various individuals joined with adolescents. These individuals are close relations, the affecters of wrongdoing and society in general. In this way, it very well may be said that adolescent misconduct is a danger for the entire society and everybody present in a general public is a partner. The most influenced individuals are the nearby relations of the adolescents associated with any sort of wrongdoing (Regoli and Hewitt, 2006). There are numerous reasons for adolescent wrongdoing and can be found at all social levels. One of the reasons for adolescents to become criminal is their financial

The Effect of Stimulus Voltage free essay sample

The Effect of Stimulus Voltage on Skeletal Muscle Contraction Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 25% by noting 1 out of 4 inquiries effectively. 1. Skeletal muscle filaments are innervated (invigorated) by You accurately replied: c. engine neurons. 2. A solitary activity potential engendering down an engine axon brings about Your answer : a. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Effect of Stimulus Voltage or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page a few activity possibilities and a few contractile occasions in the muscle filaments it innervates. Right answer: d. single activity potential and a solitary contractile occasion in the muscle filaments it innervates. Â In resting skeletal muscle, calcium is put away in Your answer : a. the sarcomere. Right answer: c. the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 4. During the idle time frame for an isometric compression Your answer : a. the actin and myosin fibers slide past one another, making the muscle abbreviate. Right answer: c. the cell occasions engaged with excitation-compression coupling happen. 05/09/13 page 1 Experiment Results Predict Question: Predict Question: As the upgrade voltage is expanded from 1. volt up to 10 volts, what will befall the measure of dynamic power produced with every upgrade? Your answer : a. The dynamic power will constantly increment. Stop Think Questions: What do you find in the dynamic power show when the improvement voltage is set to 0. 0, and for what reason does this perception bode well? You accurately replied: a. 0. 00 g; there was no actuation of skeletal muscle strands by this improvement. What is the most reduced upgrade voltage that incites dynamic power in the skel etal muscle? You accurately replied: b. limit voltage. The maximal voltage actuates the most calcium discharge from a muscle strands sarcoplasmic reticulum. Right answer: b. At the maximal voltage, all the muscle filaments contained in this muscle are depolarized and they all create dynamic power (that is, they were all effectively selected). 5/09/13 page 11 Review Sheet Results 1. Portray the impact of expanding improvement voltage on confined skeletal muscle. In particular, what befell the muscle power created with more grounded electrical incitements and for what reason did this change happen? How all around did the outcomes contrast and your expectation? You didn't respond to this inquiry. 2. How is this adjustment in entire muscle power accomplished in vivo? You didn't respond to this inquiry. 3. What occurred in the disengaged skeletal muscle when the maximal voltage was applied? You didn't respond to this inquiry.

Organizational flexibility essay

Organizational flexibility essay How the organization flexibility affects successful work Needless to say there are a lot of definitions of flexibility. If to define it in the meaning of managing human resources, we can say that flexibility is an organization that easily adapts to size, structure, and feedback of human resources, and also resources and expenses that are needed for reaching objectives and goals. Here are some aspects of organizational flexibility: The flexible working hours when the workers can choose the beginning and end of their work. The possibility for a worker to take some time during the working day to solve family problems, for example, an employee can go to take children from school and take them home every day, and then return to the workplace. The possibility to take a few days off without losing vacation days or pay. For example, in a case if a family member is sick, or there are some circumstances like funeral or unexpected emergency situation, the employee can stay at home. An employee has a possibility to work partly from home, so they work at home in the morning and come later to the work, or they leave the work earlier and continue work at home in the evening. All employees can work at shifts, so they need to work in different times depending on the day of week. Some people prefer to work at day shift when for others its better to work at night shift. If so, such employees would prefer not to change shifts so they can plan their life better. When employees choose what hours are best for them to work, it means they can work according this schedule every day, so they will work more optimal at the chosen hours. Sometimes its possible to work longer for several days to get more days off. So, it means people and their needs change all time, so some people cant work during Monday-Friday, from 9am to 5pm. They want to be more flexible at their work, having some free time during workday or getting a possibility to work extra hours each day to have an additional day off. Thats why jobs should be flexible to get more people to work at the current company. Of course, it means that any workplace should be well-structured, but nowadays, organizations with strict structure and heavy management wont work. Companies and organizations should be flexible according to personnel needs, and in this case the work will be more productive and give better results.

Criminal and Delinquent Subcultures Essay - 2034 Words

Criminal and Delinquent Subcultures Crime and delinquency subculture reflects on culture patterns surrounding crime and juvenile delinquency. It is created not only by individuals, but as one culture, the American culture. Subculture is derivative of, but different from some larger referential cultures. This term is used to share systems of norms, values, individual, groups and the cultural system itself. Criminal or delinquent subcultures indicate systems of norms, values, or interest that support criminal or delinquent behavior. That’s why many juveniles are linked to the same criminal acts as youngsters. They tend to follow a pattern that is expected in their age group, like stealing. Young people experience their opportunity as†¦show more content†¦According to a article I read by Short, he stated that because subculture typically consist of collections of normative orders- rules and practices related to a common value, delinquents that affiliate themselves in gangs are oriented around a single valu e (such as being â€Å"macho†) are tended to act that way( p. 36). He also states that individuals who are associated with a particular subculture tend also to be associated with other subcultures. Some members of delinquent gangs may be the sole carriers of a particular subculture in a particular location, and some are shared. For example conflict subcultures are shared by rival fighting gangs among whom individual and group status involves values related to defense of turf and reputation and norms loyal of these values. Some subcultures oriented to theft and other forms of property crime which they are connected with a particular group. Some property crime involves more organizing and planning in order to succeed. Other crimes such as mugging may involve only one person who shares the same subculture as the larger group. In an article by Terry William’s it states that delinquent subcultures contain elements of both youth and adult cultures. It also stated that to speak of youth culture is to symbolize a subculture of the larger adult-dominated and institutionally defined culture (1989). Many of criminal subculture shares a symbolic relationship with their customs, manl y the peopleShow MoreRelatedDelinquent Youth Subcultures1636 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Delinquent Youth Subcultures A subculture is an offshoot of referential cultural but in essence very different from culture. The term subculture is commonly employed to signify shared systems of common values, norms and interests that distinguish certain people and societies from others. Thus, criminal or delinquent subcultures indicate systems of standards, morals and interests that endorse criminal or delinquent behavior. The numerous activities categorized in law as criminal are related toRead MoreYouth Deviance Essay1376 Words   |  6 Pagespeople and their membership in deviant subcultures or gangs. Deviance is associated with young people today and is rapidly on the increase within the street and school environment. Young deviants are engaging in gang membership and subcultures with a means of social belonging, social interest and ethnic identity. There are several sociological and subcultural theories which deem to explain deviance. Some of the theories are functionalist pretentious that criminal activity is motivated by economicRead MoreBiological Determinism, Subculture Crime And Conflict Theories1652 Words   |  7 Pagesdeterminism, subculture crime and conflict theories. Biological determinism One of the best known application of biological determinism in relation to crime is from Cesare Lombroso who â€Å"Viewed criminals as suffering from a depravity caused by an atavistic reversion:† In other words, through a regression to the early form of life found in Humans ape-like ancestors. â€Å"Lombroso believed that if a person had five or more stigmas then they will likely be atavistic and were born a criminal† . A stigmataRead MoreTheory of Delinquency1458 Words   |  6 Pagesfocus on subcultures, i.e. groups within wider society with norms, lifestyles and values distinct from those of mainstream society. The focus in sub-cultural theories is on delinquency. In the UK, a preoccupation with the idea that future crime was determined by juvenile delinquency came about as a result of the 1895 UK Gladstone Committee, wherein research focused on gang culture among young males (aged 16-25). Deviance is perceived by sub-cultural theorists as a product of a subculture of delinquencyRead MoreWhy People Commit Crime?1417 Words   |  6 Pages2012). Others like Albert Cohen, in his book â€Å"Delinquent Boys,† theorize that delinquent youth subcultures emerge when young men in the lower-class, feel the strain of not being able to measure up to middle class expectations. These theories, and others influenced by similar beliefs, support biases that exist within our society, media, and even law enforcement. These biases have consequences for youth in the lower class who are labelled as ‘delinquents.’ They can also result in the ignorance ofRead MoreThe Theories Of Crime And Criminal Behavior1493 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent criminological theories and how they can explain crime and criminal behaviour differently. There is no universal definition of crime that gives a simple and straight forward definition. Crime is a constantly changing idea that changes due to the persons perceptions of what they would classify as ‘crime’ and what is regarded as criminal behaviour (crime and criminology). There is also no straightforward way of explaining what criminal behaviour is, as it can be something that breaks the law. HoweverRead MoreExamine the Relationship Between Deviance and Labeling1521 Words   |  7 Pagesand labelling is partly based on the view of the stereotypical criminal. This stereotype suggests a white, working class, male as a deviant, making them a ‘suspect’ before they’ve even committed a deviant act. However, whether an act is labelled as deviant depends on who commits the act, where and when it’s committed, and how it is interpreted – and the label the individual is given as a result. Functionalists label the typical criminal as a young, working class male. They then produce theories basedRead MoreOutline and Evaluate Functionalist Explanation of Crime.1442 Words   |  6 Pagesstatus in mainstream society. They react to this by forming their own set of values- a delinquent subculture. This subculture is based on rebelling the accepted form of behaviour, for example, stealing replaces hard work. This gives the working-class youth an opportunity to achieve some status in their peer group which they are denied in the wider society. Cohen identifies elements of revenge in this subculture, to get back at the society that has denied them status, for example, joy-riding, vandalismRead MoreAnomie and General Strain Theories of Crime Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesStrain Theory Albert Cohen developed his own version of the Anomie Strain Theory using Merton’s framework to explain the delinquent subculture of lower-class males. Cohen argues that strain results from the failure to achieve status rather than the failure to achieve monetary success. (Paternoster, Bachman 2001) Cohen identified this male lower class as this â€Å"delinquent subculture†. Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin also expanded Merton’s anomie strain theory to develop their own version â€Å"In their bookRead MoreThe Cultural Theory Of Crime And Violence1515 Words   |  7 PagesDefined, a subculture is a culture that exists within the main dominant culture of a society. Therefore, members of a subculture will have different norms and values to those in the rest of society, which in turn could lead to them being seen as deviant because of this. Youth subcultures provide members with an identity that sits outside of that assigned by social foundations such as family, school, home and work. Participants of a subculture often make people aware of their membership by making

The Unexplained Puzzle Into Essay Topics for College Application Uncovered

The Unexplained Puzzle Into Essay Topics for College Application Uncovered Definitions of Essay Topics for College Application Thus, the essay is supposed to coincide with the applicant's qualities and interests in order for it to boost the possibilities of admission. Your essay is the opportunity to invigorate your application. It should reveal your personality and your best assets. Based on extensive counselor feedback, the current essay prompts provide great flexibility for applicants to inform their exclusive stories in their very own voice. Write to be viewed in our society for quite a few years to come in that school is much less evident in the story. Say what you do to create your life better. Topics like death and divorce are cautionary as they can be exceedingly tough to write about. One of the most difficult features of college life is finances. There's indeed a wonderful similarity between a college application and an excellent story. Writing college essay may be the most challenging portion of the entire procedure of application for a college. Writing the college application essay is a difficult gig. Before you're able to select a compelling essay topic, first you have to know why there's an essay in the very first spot. It is essential to answer the essay question. The essay is just one of the important approaches you're able to distinguish yourself. Your essay needs to be distinctive and interesting. Bridget's essay is quite strong, but there continue to be a couple little things that could be made better. At the exact same instance you must also be absolutely sure you've answered the question asked in your essay. In order to be noticed, it's important to understand that there are several essay topics which are cliche and overused. Once you have decided on a topic that appeals to you, you should concentrate on essay writing. Essay Topics for College Application - the Story Application essays about challenges reveal how you respond to difficulty to folks who are quite interested in how you are going to manage the subsequent four years by yourself. Moreover, there ought to be a warranty period for you to make sure in the event of any issues being noticed by your teacher in the work it is going to be revised. Describe some tasks you have accomplished over the last two years that do not have any connection to academic studies. The procedure can help make certain you continue to b e on the appropriate track. Suddenly, you're in a totally new situation, and will need to do something, but you need zero idea what. Think of your feelings about the scenario, how it affected you and what you learned from the experience instead of just simply recalling the circumstance or the individual you lost. Opt for a distinctive topic that others may not think of, and whatever you select, make sure that you know a lot about it! A good deal of students make the error of attempting to second-guess what the admissions folks wish to hear in an essay, and after that write about something which isn't actually central to their interests and passions. The Downside Risk of Essay Topics for College Application By avoiding the topics listed previously'll ensure your essay helps instead of hurts your odds of admission. You must look for a topic you could write about most passionately and effectively. So you don't actually need to obtain a topic! Write freely topics select a prompt later. You also need to constantly review your paper, to make sure your topic drives with what it is that you are writing about. When you discover that topic, it's about writing and rewriting. Possessing factored the above strategies and develop a great topic, it is the right time to start the writing process. Who knowsthe response to that question may be the foundation for your admission essay. The application text ought to be effective to go into the college. More frequently than not, deadlines for submitting applications are almost always short which makes many prospective applicants worry they will not have the capability to submit their sample essay for MBA application punctually. There might be personal information which you want considered as a member of your admissions application. If you prefer, you can application on one specific subject. Persuade the admission officers that you are really worthy for admission. Don't forget that the objective of a college admissions essay is to aid admissions officers get to know you. It is very important to capture the interest of the admission tutors irrespective of how strict they may appear to be. College admissions essays aren't rocket science, but there are a range of steps that students may take to assemble the most accurate and compelling essays that will assist their odds of gaining admission to their top-choice colleges. Explain your commitments, and you're going to be the type of student colleges find immensely attractive. Some students and counselors squawked, but I feel the word-count ceiling is an excellent thing.

Self Fulfilling Prophesy A Lesson to be Learned Free Essays

Self-fulfilling Prophesy: A Lesson to be Learned Have you ever had an assumption or belief about someone come true? That is what defines a Self-fulfilling Prophesy. That is, when a person’s expectations, thoughts, or beliefs manifest in such a way that in return they become true. These preconceived notions about other people influence how you act toward them and in return this will evoke a response from that person. We will write a custom essay sample on Self Fulfilling Prophesy: A Lesson to be Learned or any similar topic only for you Order Now This response then provides proof of the original expectations. Picking a college roommate can be a tricky thing to do. It eems that I have heard more horror stories about roommates than good stories. This may be attributed to the fact that people are more prone to talk about their problems and negative situations rather than their positive ones. However, my freshman roommate provided me with one heck of an experience. I met Dylan in high school. He attended an opposing school only thirty minutes away from mine. We recognized each other from the basketball court and numerous track events. We soon became friends when we were introduced at a high school party through a utual friend. As we became closer friends we both decided to attend Mississippi State University. I had lined up a roommate for freshman year with someone I grew up with, however due to a scholarship, he decided to attend a different school and left me without a roommate. When discussing this with Dylan, I was not aware that he did not have a roommate and we quickly decided to room together. Dylan and I had not known each other very long and even though he seemed to be a good friend and fit as a roommate, I still was weary of living with him. I had no specific reason to believe that we wouldn’t get along but I still could not shake the feeling that things would not go swimmingly. After moving into our dorm, it did not take long for our friendship to take a drastic turn. During fall recruitment into the Greek system, Dylan and I Joined two separate fraternities. It wasn’t long after Bid Day that Dylan dropped out of his fraternity. From then on it seemed as if he resented me for Joining a fraternity even though we had gone through recruitment together. He started anging out with an unruly crowd of people and it was not long after that he started neglecting his priorities. I eventually found out that the crowd he was hanging out with was known to dabble in various drugs and everything I did to help Just put us at greater odds. He began to get really sloppy by leaving his clothes and trash everywhere in our small living quarters. He seemed to have no regard for my belongings, or me for that matter. He was sleeping all day, staying out all night, and eating all my food when I was out of the room. When Christmas break came around he had a combined 67 absences in his classes and was carrying a 1. 2 GPA. I was looking for a polite way to tell him we needed to find new roommates when he called me a few days prior to Christmas. He told me that he was going to withdraw from the university and take a break from school. The experience I had first semester of my freshman year is a prime example of a self-fulfilling prophecy. I had a preconceived notion that Dylan and I would not get along as roommates and that notion came to How to cite Self Fulfilling Prophesy: A Lesson to be Learned, Papers

Then There Was Nine Essays - United States Courts Of Appeals, Law

Then There Was Nine Housed between the Library of Congress and the Capitol stands the home of United States Supreme Court which is described as "the greatest tribunal in the world, one of the three great elements of our national government." Jeffrey Toobin's book "The Nine" takes an intimate view behind the curtain of the United States Supreme Court and the Judges that are chosen to rule on the law of the land. The following looks into Toobin's definitions of judicial activism, restraint, and independence, how his bias tends to affect his independent analysis of the justices, and what kind of philosophy I would adopt if I were a judge. Judicial activism is defined as court rulings that are made based more on the personal and or political views of the judge or judges presiding over the present case. It is also an attempt in the judicial ruling to rewrite legislation based on the political ideology of the magistrate. The courts have been set up to settle the disputes based on the law while using specifically defined powers. Some may believe that "constitutional law had taken some profoundly wrong turns and they were not shy about demanding that the courts take the lead in restoring the rightful order."(p. 17) Judicial activism can manifest itself as a judge that is basically legislating from the bench. Judicial restraint is characterized more as judges using self-discipline to limit their views whether personal or political when deciding a case. It is the duty of the justices to use constraint when ruling against laws if they truly find that there is evidence that it is truly unconstitutional. The justices must not infuse their beliefs whether personal or political when considering at a case. They must not make laws but interpret them based strictly on constitutional grounds and direct interpretation of the law. Justice Sandra Day O'Connor believed and fought for judicial independence. She stated, "it is the kernel of the rule of law, giving the citizenry confidence that the laws will be fairly and equally applied. (p.291) This "independence" allowed decisions to be made despite interests from the other government branches. This notion is keeping the judiciary branch from being influenced by the other branches, thus maintains the separation of powers. The court justices are appointed; therefore they do not have to worry about reelection for their position. Their tenure is for life, so they do not have to worry about being "politically correct' in their decisions, they must just abide by the Constitution. The President of the United States nominates his judicial candidates based on how they align with his beliefs. This does not necessarily ensure that the justice, once approved, will rule along the same belief as the president. Take for instance Sandra Day O'Connor; she was nominated by the conservative President Ronald Reagan. In her first abortion case, she voted to "uphold the restrictions but never committing to an outright reversal of Roe." She had the opportunity to side with the conservative majority and thus reverse Roe v. Wade, but she took a stand. "A stray observation from a separate opinion by O'Connor had become the law of the land on the most contentious constitutional issue of her time." (p. 69) O'Connor borrowed the phrase "undue burden," which essentially "recast Roe v. Wade which left the right to an abortion. A conservative President's nominee did not follow his beliefs on abortion. In reading "The Nine" by Jeffrey Toobin, one can observe his bias toward the liberal left. Mr. Toobin is a liberal pundit. He demonstrates his bias continually by examining the possibility of the Conservative right taking over and maintaining control of the Court. During the W. Bush years, Toobin stated that the administration and supporters did not want a balanced court, but control. He spoke of the Evangelicals as a religious group that had influence with some of the President's decisions. Jeffrey Toobin examines the pivotal case of Roe v. Wade. His hypothesis is that if a Republican President is granted the opportunity to make appointments to the Supreme Court that Roe will be overturned and abortion will be outlawed. His theory was negated when he used David Souter as an example.

Laws Regulating Federal Lobbyists

Laws Regulating Federal Lobbyists In public opinion polls, lobbyists rank somewhere between pond scum and nuclear waste. In every election, politicians vow never to be â€Å"bought out† by lobbyists, but often do. Briefly, lobbyists get paid by businesses or special interest groups to win the votes and support of members of the U.S. Congress and state legislatures.   Indeed, to many people, lobbyists and what they do represent the main cause of corruption in federal government. But while lobbyists and their influence in Congress sometimes seem to be out of control, they really do have to follow laws. In fact, lots of them.   Background: The Laws of Lobbying While each state legislature has created its own set of laws regulating lobbyists, there are two specific federal laws regulating the actions of lobbyists targeting the U.S. Congress.   Recognizing the need to make the lobbying process more transparent and accountable to the American people, Congress enacted the Lobbying Disclosure Act (LDA) of 1995. Under this law, all lobbyists dealing with the U.S. Congress are required to register with both the Clerk of the House of Representatives and the Secretary of the Senate. Within 45 days of becoming employed or retained to lobby on behalf of a new client, the lobbyist must register his or her agreement with that client with the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House. As of 2015, more than 16,000 federal lobbyists were registered under the LDA. However, merely registering with Congress was not enough to prevent some lobbyists from abusing the system to the point of triggering total disgust for their profession. Jack Abramoff Lobbying Scandal Spurred New, Tougher Law Public hatred for lobbyists and lobbying reached its peak in 2006 when Jack Abramoff, working as a lobbyist for the rapidly growing Indian casino industry, pleaded guilty to charges of bribing members of Congress, some of whom also ended up in prison as a result of the scandal. In the aftermath of the Abramoff scandal, Congress in 2007 passed the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act (HLOGA) fundamentally changing the ways in which lobbyists were allowed to interact with members of Congress. As a result of HLOGA, lobbyists are prohibited from â€Å"treating† Congress members or their staff to things like meals, travel, or entertainment events. Under HLOGA, lobbyists must file Lobbying Disclosure (LD) reports during each year revealing all contributions they made to campaign events for members of Congress or other expenditures of efforts they make that might in any way personally benefit a member of Congress. Specifically, the required reports are: The LD-2 report showing all lobbying activities for each organization they are registered to represent must be filed quarterly; andThe LD-203 report disclosing certain political â€Å"contributions† to politicians must be filed twice a year. What Can Lobbyists ‘Contribute’ to Politicians? Lobbyists are allowed to contribute money to federal politicians under the same campaign contribution limits placed on individuals. During the current (2016) federal election cycle, lobbyists cannot give more than $2,700 to any candidate and $5,000 to any Political Action Committees (PAC) in each election. Of course, the most coveted â€Å"contributions† lobbyists make to politicians are the money and votes of the members of the industries and organizations they work for. In 2015 for example, the nearly 5 million members of the National Rifle Association gave a combined $3.6 million to federal politicians opposed to tighter gun control policy. In addition, lobbyist must file quarterly reports listing their clients, the fees they received from each client and the issues on which they lobbied for each client. Lobbyists who fail to comply with these laws face could face both civil and criminal penalties as determined by the Office of the U.S. Attorney. Penalties for Violation of the Lobbying Laws The Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House, along with U.S. Attorney’s Office (USAO) are responsible for ensuring that lobbyists comply with the LDA activity disclosure law. Should they detect a failure to comply, the Secretary of the Senate or the Clerk of the House notifies the lobbyist in writing. Should the lobbyist fail to provide an adequate response, the Secretary of the Senate or the Clerk of the House refers the case to the USAO. The USAO researches these referrals and sends additional noncompliance notices to the lobbyist, requesting that they file reports or terminate their registration. If USAO does not receive a response after 60 days, it decides whether to pursue a civil or criminal case against the lobbyist. A civil judgment could lead to penalties up to $200,000 for each violation, while a criminal conviction - usually pursued when a lobbyist’s noncompliance is found to be knowing and corrupt- could lead to a maximum of 5 years in prison. So yes, there are laws for lobbyists, but how many of those lobbyists are really doing the â€Å"right thing† by complying with the disclosure laws? GAO Reports on Lobbyists’ Compliance with the Law In an audit released on March 24, 2016, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) reported that during 2015, â€Å"most† registered federal lobbyists did file disclosure reports that included key data required by the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 (LDA). According to the GAO’s audit, 88% of lobbyists properly filed initial LD-2 reports as required by the LDA. Of those properly filed reports, 93% included adequate documentation on income and expenses. About 85% of lobbyists properly filed their required year-end LD-203 reports disclosing campaign contributions. During 2015, federal lobbyists filed 45,565 LD-2 disclosure reports with $5,000 or more in lobbying activity, and 29,189 LD-203 reports of federal political campaign contributions. The GAO did find that, as in years past, some lobbyists continued to properly disclose payments for certain â€Å"covered positions,† as paid congressional internships or certain executive agency positions provided as part of the lobbyists’ â€Å"contributions† to lawmakers. GAO’s audit estimated that about 21% of all LD-2 reports filed by lobbyists in 2015 failed to disclose payments for at least one such covered position, despite the fact that most lobbyists told the GAO that they found the rules regarding reporting covered positions as being â€Å"very easy† or   Ã¢â‚¬Å"somewhat easy† to understand.

6 Budget-Friendly Ways to Get Writing Help for Your Paper of Any Complexity

6 Budget-Friendly Ways to Get Writing Help for Your Paper of Any Complexity 6 Budget-Friendly Ways to Get Writing Help for Your Paper of Any Complexity It’s no secret that college can be extremely expensive, and most college students are on tight budget. You may not afford writing help for a high price, but we’ve created a list of six budget-friendly options. Here are several ways to get the qualitative help you need without breaking the bank. 1.   Pay for Advisory Services Only The cheapest option for academic writing help is to pay only for general guidance on your writing, rather than for an entire paper. This service can include brainstorming a good topic, organizing, structuring your essay and proofreading/editing your completed draft. Such writing helpers can give you the extra boost you need to write an excellent paper on your own. 2. Pay an Older Student to Write Your Paper Many senior college students write papers for younger ones to make extra cash. Ask around your college campus to see if there are students available to perform such a service. While you are searching for writer help, make sure you are able to get opinion on the quality of this person’s work. To pay a senior student for the paper is a great chance to save money, as they are likely to charge much less than professional services. 3. Think about Friends Who May Do You a Favor Do you have any friends who are excellent writers? Perhaps they would be generous enough to write a paper for you, or, at least, to offer suggestions and advice. If you are strong in another academic subject, such as mathematics, you may provide your mate with â€Å"friend help† in exchange. Even if your friend wants some money for such a favor, he/she will charge you less than a professional academic writer would. 4. Use a Free Online Library There are several resources on the Internet, such as free online libraries, that provide you with papers on a variety of subjects. These papers can be used as examples to help inspire ideas for your essay. You can also use the sample essay as a model for how to structure your own paper. Such a method does not allow you to get writing help from another person, it just gives you a chance to see how a proficient writer has handled the topic similar to the one you are coping with. 5. Ask Your Professor for Help Of course, your professor is not going to write the paper in your stead, but he/she may offer you valuable advice. Most professors are required to have office hours, the time period, when the professor sits in his/her office so that students can come and ask their questions. Your professor can clarify any questions you have concerning the assignment, as well as he/she can give you tips on how to overcome the obstacles you have faced. Your professor is the one who will assign your grade, so his/her advice can be especially helpful. Moreover, professors are likely to be more generous while grading a student who has taken the initiative to come for advice! 6. Join a Study Group There are many study groups in the universities for students to get together and work on assignments, or answer one another’s questions. See if the class you are writing the paper for has a study group, or try to start one. You and students who are dealing with the papers on the same subject can discuss topic ideas, clarify questions, and even proofread one another’s papers. Getting qualitative writing help does not always put a strain on your finances. Try using one of these six options to help you produce a high-quality paper at a low cost!

BEHAVIOURAL FINANCE AND MARKET EFFICIENCY Essay

BEHAVIOURAL FINANCE AND MARKET EFFICIENCY - Essay Example Due to the presence of inefficiency within the global market, the sales and profitability of a company is not only affected but also the country’s ability to build a more reliable capital asset. Therefore, in response to poor market efficiency, the study on behavioural finance has gained importance back in 1990s2. Using knowledge on behavioural finance, the main causes and underlying drivers of the most recent global financial crisis will be identified and tackled in details. As part of analyzing the factors that has triggered the recent global financial crisis, both behavioural and non-behavioural explanation behind such crisis will be compared and contrast. In relation to the presence of irregularities in the global markets, whether or not â€Å"value† is riskier than â€Å"growth† will be answered based on the theory behind the rational risk pricing. 2. Main Causes and Underlying Drivers of the Most Recent Global Financial Crisis 2.1 Non-behavioural Explanatio n behind the Most Recent Global Financial Crisis Next to the Great Depression which occurred back in 1930s, the worst global financial crisis happened between 2007 to 2008 when most of the large-scale financial institutions worldwide were at risks of bankruptcy aside from the sudden fall in the stock markets3. Specifically the U.S. real estate bubble in 2006 had caused serious damages to the status of global financial institutions4, 5. Eventually, the prolonged 2007 to 2008 global financial crisis has somehow contributed to the European sovereign-debt crisis6, 7. This increases the risks wherein most of the largest financial institutions such as the Lehman Brothers had serious problems about their liquidity and bank solvency8. Based on the study of macroeconomics, a lot of potential factors have been considered to be the main drivers behind the most recent global financial crisis. Based on the historical trend in the global financial crisis, one thing that is certain is that increas e in financial imbalances within the world market has something to do with today’s global financial crisis9. Likewise, it is also suspected that the growing imbalances in the worldwide capital flows are one of the main reasons behind the recent global financial crisis10, 11, 12, 13. Furthermore, it is also possible that the combination of the increasing imbalances in the flow of capital worldwide and the use of monetary policies have contributed to the development of the recent global financial crisis14, 15. Financial crisis is often characterized by having relatively low levels of national savings, huge fiscal and financial deficits, business bankruptcy and foreclosure, low GDP output, high unemployment rate, and huge trade or current account deficits16. With regards to the continuously increasing global financial imbalances, Merrouche and Nier (2010) explained that the incidence of global financial imbalances is somehow strongly connected with the huge dispersion between a huge net capital flows between two or more different countries and the position of the current account across different countries17. In line with this, a country with excessive inflows of capital can have long-term low interest rates which can influence most investors to search for other investment options as most financial institutions would try other means of maintaining their daily operational costs18, 19. Likewise, excessively high inflows of capital can also significantly reduce the wholesale funding cost of the

Marketing Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Marketing Decision Making - Essay Example Promotion is considered as one of the major elements of marketing mix and it possesses its own mix of communication tools. Advertising, direct marketing, sales promotion among others are some of the elements of IMC, these tools enable a company to implement its advertising and marketing objectives constructively through a coordinated approach. This paper seeks to discuss the basic elements of communication mix putting more emphasis on their pros and cons and how they influence an organizations ability to succeed in their marketing program. It will provide an overview of a promotional product that I created and how I intend to market it using the IMC approach. The rational that I will follow in choosing or rejecting specific elements of the integrated marketing mix will also be provided (Mossman, 2007). Advertising is any paid form of promotions that does not employ active participation of personal presentation to promote ideas, goods, or services through the use of a specific sponsor . Advertising uses a number of channels which include the print media, media broadcast through radios and television, outdoor advertising and other forms of non personal selling. Advertising is a promotional strategy that maintains the omnipresence nature of an organization by increasing its non personal availability to different people. Advertising is highly flexible as it allows a business to focus on a small and precise segment or a mass market depending on the intention of the advertising model. It is also highly cost effective as compared to other elements of market mix as it reaches a large number of target consumers at a lower cost per person (Chen, 2011). With advertising, the message is repeated severally to the consumers which allow them time to compare the product with others offered with other organizations. Dramatization captures the attention of the audience and creates a lasting impression on their minds, a feature that is only possible with advertising. Advertising c an also trigger quick sale and impulse buying among consumers which improves the impacts intended by the promotional strategy employed. However, advertising also have a number of disadvantages as compared to the other available elements of market mix. Feedback is an important aspect of promotion as it enables a business to repackage their product according to the consumer’s desires. Advertising has no room for any immediate feedback from consumers and is less persuasive when compared with the other elements of communication mix (Lichtenthal and Eliaz, 2003). Personal selling is a face to face interaction between the product promoter and the prospective consumers for the sole purpose of making presentation, answering any questions that may arise and finally procuring orders from the consumers. Personal selling is one of the most powerful elements of communication mix as they provide room for building customer relationship and long lasting business relations with the buyers. It provides the room for getting feedbacks from the consumers which allows for any adjustments on the products being marketed. Personal selling occurs in an environment where the consumers attention is fully captured increasing the possibility of getting a genuine response from them on how they view the products and the company. Despite the numerous advantages that personal selling posses, it is however an expensive means of product promotion

Analysis of Reasons for Banning Nuclear Power

Analysis of Reasons for Banning Nuclear Power Nuclear Power Should Be Stopped In Japan Electricity is necessary for life. Most items need electricity. There are many kinds of natural resources, such as oil, coal, and fossil fuels in the world. However, there is a limit on consuming these resources. Electricity also can be produced by many methods, such as thermal power, wind power, solar power, geothermal electric power, and hydroelectric power. Each country uses different methods to get electricity. Some countries focus on cost. Other countries focus on carbon emission or damage to humans when accidents happen. In Japan, many methods are being used. There are seventeen nuclear power plants and these are helpful to generate electricity because nuclear power can produce huge amounts of electricity at once. However, nuclear power also has disadvantages. When the Tohoku earthquake occurred on March 11 2011, Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Japan was broken. Thus, people who live in Japan had a limit of spending electricity. Nuclear power plants should be stopped i n Japan because it creates the possibility of radioactive accidents, gives humans cancer, and pollutes air, soil, and water. The main reason for nuclear power plants to be banned in Japan is that nuclear power creates the possibility of radioactive accidents. On March 11 2011, the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami happened. Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in Japan was broken by this earthquake. Even workers who work at the Tokyo Electric Power Company could not control nuclear power plants at that time. This accident was managed by Nuclear Regulatory Commission. They wrote a document which listed the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant as one of the most trouble-prone nuclear facilities in Japan. (Wang and Chen 2611) This shows that nuclear power plants create the possibility of radioactive accidents, and gives people fear. Therefore, this is terrible to use for electricity. Even now, many people who live around Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant cannot go back to their town. There are more than 90,000 residents, who were evacuated from areas surrounding the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. (Cuttler 1) â€Å"The total amount of released radionuclides has been estimated to be 520 PBq (excluding noble gases); for releases of 137Cs, estimations are about 12 PBq, which is about 15% of that released at Chernobyl.† (Higaki et al. 1) Radionuclides which were released from Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant were spread out from Fukushima to Kanto area. Air, soil, and water were polluted directly. Although 15% of that released at Chernobyl, radioactivity which was released by nuclear power plants was higher percentage than average. â€Å"Availability of cooling water has been one of the major issues in the selection of nuclear power plant sites.†(Zhao et al. 41) When a radioactive accident happened in Japan, sea water was used for coolin g down.[1] The water which was used for cooling down was contaminated and leaked. As a result, vegetables, fish, and livestock were polluted indirectly by contaminated soil and water. This shows that radioactivity can spread out quickly. â€Å"After the Fukushima nuclear accident from the 17th March 2011 to the 31st March 2012 the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare set a provisional regulatory value of 500 Bq/kg (fresh weight basis) for radiocesium (134Cs and 137Cs) in vegetables and crops.†(Higaki et al. 1) Prefectural government and the Ministry of Health, Labour and welfare serveied food safety and reported. â€Å"Products including spinach, mushrooms, bamboo shoots, tea, milk, plumes, and fish have been found to be contaminated with cesium and iodine as far as 360 km from Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant.† (Zheng, Tagami, and Uchida. 1-2) However, food which is made in near Fukushima and did not find radioactivity was criticized. For example, the north pa rt of Japan is a great place to grow rice, yet rice was not bought because rice might be contaminated. Thus, this accident gave farmers who live in the north part of Japan economic damage. Possibly, if people eat food which contains radioactivity, they are exposed to radiation. Likewise, humans were contaminated. Many people were killed by not only an earthquake but also radiation exposure. Humans absorbed radioactivity both directly and indirectly from air, soil, and food. Radioactivity causes cancer, such as leukemia. On August 6 1945, an atomic bomb was dropped in Hiroshima. This bomb also gave humans radiation exposure. This tragedy happened 70 years ago. Nonetheless, many people who experienced this tragedy was dropped is suffering from radiation exposure. â€Å"When most or all of the human body is exposed to a single dose of more than 1 Gy of radiation, acute radiation sickness can occur† (Christodouleas et al. 2337) This means that even a small amount of radioactivity can give humans radiation sickness. Clinicians have been interested in x-ray exposure during pregnancy since the 1950s, and they reported an approximately 40% increase in the risk forms of radiation, for instance CT scan, fluoroscopy, or mammography. (Smits and Dolores 441) Radi oactivity is used for diagnosis at hospitals. The radioactivity which is used at hospitals should be safe. Nevertheless, even at hospitals, radioactivity can be dangerous. If pregnant mothers are examined by CT scans, fluoroscopy, or mammography, unborn babies may get trouble. For these reasons, radioactivity is dangerous and harmful for health. On the other hand, some people prefer to use nuclear power plants because they are ecofriendly. â€Å"World Nuclear Association and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), contend that nuclear power is a sustainable energy source that reduces carbon emissions.† (Bhasin and Aparna 1) Thermal power plants release carbon dioxide instead of radioactivity. This mean nuclear power plants can help to prevent global warming. â€Å"Energy installations, especially thermal power plants that use coal as a fuel, can influence the environment, sometimes leading even to ecological balance damage within areas where they are located, so that the energy field be considered as the main pollution source.† (Costel 1) If carbon emissions are focused, nuclear power plants are better than thermal power plants. â€Å"A large number of studies have illustrated the public concern about the adverse effects of mobile phone radiation and possible health hazards.† (Marica, Luinica and Lumi nita 561) Not only nuclear power plants, but also some electricity, such as cell phones release radioactivity. â€Å"Human populations have always been exposed to ionizing radiation from natural sources.† (Pehlivanglu and Kilincarslan 275) This means that there is radioactivity in the air already before why radiation accidents. In addition, radioactivity is used for medication, such as CT scans, and radiotherapy. Radioactivity causes cancer, whereas it is also effective to cure cancer. â€Å"The report, released by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) warns that the damage caused by stress and worry over radiation will likely cause much more damage than the radiation itself.†(ASIA 1) The Majority of people think that cancer risk was increased by radioactivity. However, some people think the reason cancer risks increased is not only radioactivity. People who live in Fukushima were under stress because people could not get exact information. When the earthquake happened, media, internet, phone services, and transportations were confusing. Cancer risk was increased by not only radioactivity, but also stress. Nuclear power plants can be hazardous weapons. â€Å"Fukushima is an eerie replay of the denial and controversy that began with the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.† (Perrow 56) Japan is only one country that suffered an atomic bomb attack. Accordingly, Japanese people tend to already know how much radioactivity is dangerous. They also notice that they cannot control nuclear power plants if radioactive accidents were to happened. â€Å"The nuclear disaster in the Japan nuclear power plant Fukushima Daiichi has reminded the importance of proofed and reliable systems used in the active or passive mode for application in case of serious nuclear accident†. (Maar and 81) The radioactive accident that happened in Fukushima warned that nuclear power plants creates the possibility of radioactive accidents. Nuclear power plants can be ecofriendly because carbon emission is low. Nuclear power plants produced 13% of all electricity in the world in 2008. (Islam and Ahiduzzaman 26) In Japanese case, 30% of electricity was produced by nuclear power plants before happening the earthquake. (Wohns 5) Most electricity is being made by other ways in the world. However, Japan count on nuclear plants. Japan can get technology from other countries. Furthermore, Japan can use alternative energy. Alternative energy is energy generated in ways that do not deplete natural resources or harm the environment, especially by avoiding the use of fossil fuels and nuclear power. (Oxford d[2]ictionary) Examples of alternative energy are solar energy, biomass energy, wind energy, and geothermal energy. In Japan, solar energy has been becoming common. Solar panels are attached on each house roof. Solar power plants release 40 g/kWh and nuclear power plants release 30 g/kWh. (Murphy and David 522) These two amounts are lower than other power plants. One of benefits of solar power plants is that if electricity which is made by solar power plants so not use everything, the electricity can sale to power company in Japan. In my case, my house has solar panels on roof. The panels can produce electricity for whole my house. Moreover, a few of electricity can sale to power company, so my house does not buy electricity from power company. Solar power plants can replace with nuclear power plants. Some people said that cancer was caused by not only radioactivity but also stress. This opinion could be true. However, after leaking out radioactivity by accidents, such as Chernobyl, Hiroshima, Nagasaki, and Fukushima, cancer rate was increased. â€Å"In the Ukraine, children were born with deformities and developed cancer; today, most children there still[3] develop leukemia at an early age.† (Robertson 11) This result shows radioactivity gives humans huge impacts. It also shows children are exposed indirectly. â€Å"In pregnancy, the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) is problematic.† (Nijkeuter et al. 1857) This shows that radioactivity which is used at hospital is also can expose fetus indirectly. Aftereffects which are caused by radiotherapy are known. Although radiotherapy is effective for cancer, patients get damages, such as nausea or fallen hair. â€Å"People are always exposed to ionizing radiation, which could badly influence their health.† (Samadi , Bahman, and Nima 52) this means that radioactivity already exists in the air without radioactive accidents, but the radioactivity is not huge amounts. However, if radioactive accidents happen, radioactivity is leaked in the air. After leaking radioactivity, the amount of radioactivity should be more than the average amount which exits in the air. In conclusion, nuclear power plants can be dangerous when radioactive accidents happen because, air, soil, food, and water are contaminated by radioactivity directly and indirectly after accidents happen. Moreover, radioactivity can cause cancer. For these reason, nuclear power plants should be stopped in Japan. Works Cited ASIA. No Cancer Increase After Fukushima UN. TCE: The Chemical Engineer 876 (2014): 17. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 July 2014. Bhasin, Amit, and Aparna, Ahuja. Harnessing Nuclear Energy: Health Risks. Indian Journal Of Medical Specialities 2.1 (2011): 46-53. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 July 2014. Costel, Alic. Laurean, Marinel, Manea. Traian, Vasiu. Gheorghe, Dobrei. Environmental Impact Due To Use Of Coal In Mintia Thermal Power Plant. Revista Minelor / Mining Revue 19.1 (2013): 2-7. Academic Search Complete. Web. 20 July 2014. Cuttler, Jerry M. Commentary On The Appropriate Radiation Level For Evacuations. Dose-Response 10.4 (2012): 473-479. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 July 2014. Higaki T, Higaki S, Hirota M, Hasezawa S. Radiocesium Distribution In Bamboo Shoots After The Fukushima Nuclear Accident. Plos ONE 9.5 (2014): 1-9. Academic Search Complete. Web. 17 July 2014. John P. Christodouleas, M.D., M.P.H., Robert D. Forrest, C.H.P., Christopher G. Ainsley, Ph.D., Zelig Tochner, M.D., Stephen M. Hahn, M.D., and Eli Glatstein, M.D. Short-term and long term health risks of nuclear-power-plant accidents. New England journal of medicine 364.24 (2011): 2334-2341. Academic Search Complete. Web. 22 July 2014. Marica, Lucia, and Luminita Moraru. Study Regarding Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure Generated By Mobile Phone. AIP Conference Proceedings 1400.1 (2011): 560-564. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 July 2014. Maar, Tomas, and Jiri Martinec. Possibilities Of Vapour Condensation And Heat Accumulation Systems For Loca Accidents In Nuclear Power Plants. Annals Of The Faculty Of Engineering Hunedoara International Journal Of Engineering 12.2 (2014): 81-84. Academic Search Complete. Web. 24 July 2014. Murphy, Patrick, and David J. Browne. Solar Energy: Competitive On Carbon Emissions?. Engineers Journal 62.9 (2008): 550-555. Academic Search Complete. Web. 28 July 2014. Nijkeuter, M.,Grlrijns, J, De Roos , A, Meinders, E, and Huisman, M. Diagnosing Pulmonary Embolism In Pregnancy: Rationalizing Fetal Radiation Exposure In Radiological Procedures. Journal Of Thrombosis Haemostasis 2.10 (2004): 1857-1858. Academic Search Complete. Web. 28 July 2014. Pehlivanogl, F., and S Kilincarslan. Determination Of Natural Radioactivity In Aggregates From Western Mediterranean Region. Acta Physica Polonica, A 125.2 (2014): 275-277. Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 July 2014 Perrow, Charles. Nuclear Denial: From Hiroshima To Fukushima. Bulletin Of The Atomic Scientists 69.5 (2013): 56-67. Academic Search Complete. Web. 24 July 2014. Robertson, Naomi. Harnessing The Power Of Radioactivity. Young Scientists Journal 4.9 (2011): 10-12. Academic Search Complete. Web. 28 July 2014. Sadrul Islam, A. K. M., and M. Ahiduzzaman. Biomass Energy: Sustainable Solution For Greenhouse Gas Emission. AIP Conference Proceedings 1440.1 (2012): 23-32. Academic Search Complete. Web. 24 July 2014. Samadi, Mohamad Taghi, Bahman GolzarKhojasteh, and Nima Rostampour. Indoor Natural Radiation Level In Hamadan Province, 2012. (English). Journal Of Mazandaran University Of Medical Sciences (JMUMS) 23.99 (2013): 52-59. Academic Search Complete. Web. 28 July 2014. Smits, Ariel K., Heather L. Paladine, and Dolores Zegar Judkins. What Are The Risks To The Fetus Associated With Diagnostic Radiation Exposure During Pregnancy?. Journal Of Family Practice 55.5 (2006): 441-444. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 July 2014. Wang, Qiang, and Xi Chen. Regulatory Failures For Nuclear Safety – The Bad Example Of Japan – Implication For The Rest Of World. Renewable Sustainable Energy Reviews 16.5 (2012): 2610-2617. Academic Search Complete. Web. 17 July 2014. Wohns, Anthony. Fukushimas Lessons For Boston: Debating The Future Of Nuclear Energy. Harvard International Review 35.3 (2014): 4-5. Academic Search Complete. Web. 28 July 2014. Zhao, Haihua. Zhang, Hongbin, Sharpe, Phil, Hamanaka, Blaise, Yan, Wei., and Jeong, WoonSeong. Ice Thermal Storage Systems For Nuclear Power Plant Supplemental Cooling And Peak Power Shifting. Journal Of Energy Engineering 139.1 (2013): 41-47. Academic Search Complete. Web. 23 July 2014. Zheng, Jian, Keiko Tagami, and Shigeo Uchida. Rapid Analysis Of U Isotopes In Vegetables Using ICP-MS: Application To The Emergency U Monitoring After The Nuclear Accident At TEPCOs Fukushima Dai-Ichi Power Station. Journal Of Radioanalytical Nuclear Chemistry 292.1 (2012): 171-175. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 July 2014. [1]incomplete sentence [2]capitalize [3]misspelling

The Effects of Obesity in Adults

In today's society overeating can create a vast amount of changes, that may affect lifestyles of daily living. According to CDC, more than one-third of U.S. adults were obese in 2011-2012. The effects of obesity can lead a person down a road, which can be hard to manage in life. A BMI of 30 is about 30 lb overweight and equivalent to 221 lb in a 6'0†³ person and to 186 lb in one 5'6†³ (American Journal). The National Institutes of Health (NIH) now defines normal weight, overweight, and obesity according to BMI rather than the traditional height/weight charts (NIH). People with a body mass index of 30 or more are considered obese, and those with a B.M.I. of 40 or more are severely obese (NYTimes). Obese individuals have a high risk for chronic health conditions and complications. To name a few: hypertension, cardiovascular disease, knee / joint problems, psychological issues, diabetes, and death. Obesity is a measure by body mass index, which is determined by height and weight. If a person gains between 10-20 pounds they are at a high risks of hypertension (OAC). As you gain weight, so does stress throughout the body which causes hypertension. The more food and drink a person consumes in turn will increase their sodium level. Due to the increase of sodium and fat into the diet the endocrine system is forced to compensate and can result in an increase in blood pressure. Hypertension is a chronic condition caused by an increase in blood pressure and is a common complication for obese patients.Abdominal distention is a common complication due to layers of fat that have accumulated on top of muscle. The abdominal wall compressing against the diaphragm causes discomfort for an obese patient and also limits sleeping positions. Sleep apnea is another common complication of obese patients due to the softening of the tissue in the mouth and throat causing the airway to be obstructed. Many of these patients must be placed on a bipap machine while they sleep to help regulate their breathing. Obesity is also associated with knee and joint issues. Increase weigh strains the body, as a person tries to walk with additional weight. Ideal body weight is classified as 50 kilograms for 5 ft. Anything past 5ft is multiplied by 2.3 + 50 to get ideal body weight. For example; a 6'0 ft person ideal body weight would be 50 + 2.3 x 12 equals 77.6 kilograms. Any weight above the average weight is considered obese. Over time the tissues and connective tendons become damaged from the strain of the weight that is bearing down on the knee. Being only 10 pounds overweight increases the force on the knee by 30-60 pounds with each step (John Hopkins). Being overweight increases, the load placed on the joints such as the knee, which increases stress and could possibly hasten the breakdown of cartilage (John Hopkins). Clearly increase weight does have significant impact on walking, causing fatigue, and joint / knee issues.Psychological consequences of being overweight or obese can include lowered self-esteem and anxiety, and more serious disorders such as depression and eating disorders such as binge eating, bulimia and anorexia (MentalHelp). Obese people are made fun of and looked down upon. Obese people have less energy, due to taking more momentum to get their body going. More weight means more force needed to get moving. Hollywood paints an image that everyone around is thin. When it comes to obese people there's a tendency for depression, trying to compare with society. While being depressed obese people have a tendency to want to eat more and lay around doing nothing. Within that mind state leads to eating more and gaining additional weight. Over time, even ordinary tasks of daily life like going up a flight of stairs can lead to exhaustion and a sense of premature aging (Mentalhelp). Diabetes is another consequence associated with being obese. Obese people have a tendency, to eat more sweets, and carbohydrates that turn into glucose. People who are overweight or have obesity have added pressure on their body's ability to use insulin to properly control blood sugar levels, and are therefore more likely to develop diabetes (Obesity Society). Obese people are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes, which often occurs in children or adolescents, is caused by the body's inability to make insulin or type 2 diabetes, which occurs as a result of the body's inability to react properly to insulin (insulin resistance). Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent than type 1 diabetes and is therefore seen in roughly 90% of all diabetes cases (Obesity Society). Compared with normal-weight adults, obese adults had at least 20% significantly higher rate of dying with cardiovascular disease (NIH). Plaque builds up due to more fats in diet, which leads to coronary artery disease. As the buildup continues throughout duration of life, so does blockage in the coronary arteries. A block in the coronary arteries with cause decrease cardiac output. With the decrease in blood flow, cardiac tissue death starts to form. Blockage in the heart creates myocardial infarction. Prolong tissue necrosis will lead to cardia death, resulting in death itself. For CVD, death was advanced by 10.3 and 12.8 years in adults aged 45 to 64 years categorized as grades II and III obese (Luisa N. Borrell). Obesity can cause a lot of issues that can be detrimental to activities of daily living. Just as a little of increase weight, the body starts to break itself down. While, normal healthy adult weight is less than BMI of 26, and obesity is anything above BMI 30. A little increase in weight can be life altering. The activities daily living related with obesity decreases in an adult's life. Several different diseases are involved with obesity, most can be cured with just a minor decrease in weight.

Travel Agency - 1721 Words

Chapter 1 Introduction Hospitality Industry is dynamically growing in the recent years, not only in the number of tourist but also the number of it’s different fields. One of these is the expansion of Travel Agencies. Travel Agency is one of the service intensive industries and indispensible among the tourism business. But what is the specific role of travel agency in the hospitality industry and how does it affect the whole industry. Travel Agency is defined as a retail business selling travel-related products and services to customers on behalf of suppliers such as airlines, car rentals, cruise lines, hotels, sight-seeing tours and package holidays. When we say Travel Agency they are the one who can assist you in planning your trip†¦show more content†¦To the Travel Agencies- This research will help to promote Travel Agency as the readers become aware of the important role of it in the Hospitality Industry. To future researcher. The proposed study will benefits and help the future researcher as their guide. The study can also open in development of this study. To the Tourism Industry- The result of this study can provide recommendations on how to evaluate the performance of a certain Travel Agency in accordance to marketing the tourism industry. Statement of the Problem: This research intends to investigate the role of a Travel Agency in the Tourism Industry. 1. What are the characteristics of a travel agency. 2. How does a travel agency helps in marketing the tourism industry. 3. How does tourism Industry depend on travel agency. 4. Which aspect of tourism industry and travel agency do they relate to each other. 5. What is the advantage of booking in a Travel Agency compare to online-booking. Conceptual Framework I named this Conceptual Framework as the â€Å"The Descriptive Concept†. This research will show the characteristics, benefits, and the importance of a Travel Agency; it’s performance in the previous 5 years within the area of Malolos; it’s competitors and threats; and will also show how the Tourism Industry will become if without Travel Agecies. This facts will show us the significant role of the TravelShow MoreRelatedDialogue At the Travel Agency1436 Words   |  6 PagesL – Travel agent O– Fiancà © S – Fiancà ©e O – Hello. L – Good afternoon. Welcome to our travel agency. How can I help you? S – Hi! Oh! I’m so excited! We have our wedding in four weeks. I can’t help thinking of our living together. I assure you John, you’ll have the best wife in the world. O – Honey, I have no doubts about it, but let’s proceed to the main question. Mrs..? L – Not Mrs., Miss. Miss Andrews. So I guess you are here because of your forthcoming honeymoon. Am I right? O – Yes, Miss AndrewsRead MoreThe Global Online Travel Agency1184 Words   |  5 PagesOrbitz Worldwide Inc. (NYSE: OWW) is a leading global online travel agency (OTA) that uses state-of-the art technology to allow leisure and business travelers to research, plan, and book a wide range of travel services. Orbitz maintains and operates a group of consumer brands that includes Orbitz, CheapTickets, ebookers, HotelClub, RatesToGo, the Away Network, and the corporate travel brand Orbitz for Business. In their Chicago headquarters Orbitz has 800 employees and 1,500 employees worldwide withRead MoreRecommendations for a Travel Agency3842 Words   |  16 Pagesoffered by leading travel companies. Though the level of expertise in the group tours space is very good, customized tours because of their very complex nature, require a great deal of travel agent involvement. This requires competent and motivated travel agent workforce very responsive to customer needs. This space has been facing problem on three fronts: people, processes and systems to execute a customer order. The analysis would be focussing on People and Processes part of such agencies. This reportRead MoreFuture of Travel Agencies2018 Words   |  9 Pagesafter the Web? This essay is to discuss what the future is for travel agents in today’s world, when internet services are so popular and easily accessible. It will give a brief view on the travel retail industry and developments within the traditional channels of distribution. This essay will also include the present issues that have had an influence on the industry. Travel retail industry plays very important role in tourism. 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Essay about Edward Wittens Work Led to a Revolution

Witten was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He is the son of Lorraine (Wollach) Witten and Louis Witten, a theoretical physicist specializing in gravitation and general relativity.[3] Witten attended the Park School of Baltimore (class of 68), and received his Bachelor of Arts with a major in history and minor in linguistics from Brandeis University in 1971. He published articles in The New Republic and The Nation. In 1968, Witten published an article in The Nation arguing that the New Left had no strategy.[4] He worked briefly for George McGoverns presidential campaign. McGovern lost the 1972 election in a landslide to Richard Nixon. Witten attended the University of Wisconsin–Madison for one semester as an economics graduate student before†¦show more content†¦In the late 1980s, Witten coined the term topological quantum field theory for a certain type of physical theory in which the expectation values of observable quantities encode information about the topology of spacetime.[5] In particular, Witten realized that a physical theory now called Chern-Simons theory could provide a framework for understanding the mathematical theory of knots and 3-manifolds.[6] Although Wittens work was based on the mathematically ill-defined notion of a Feynman path integral and was therefore not mathematically rigorous, mathematicians were able to systematically develop Wittens ideas, leading to the theory of Reshetikhin–Turaev invariants.[7] Another result for which Witten was awarded the Fields Medal was his (nonrigorous) proof in 1981 of the positive energy theorem in general relativity.[8] This theorem asserts that (under appropriate assumptions) the total energy of a gravitating system is always positive and can be zero only if the geometry of spacetime is that of flat Minkowski space. It establishes Minkowski space as a stable ground state of the gravitational field. While the original proof of this result due to Richard Schoen and Shing-Tung Yau used variational methods,[9][10] Wittens proof used ideas from supergravity theory to simplify the argument. A third area mentioned in Atiyahs address is